Demographic developments in western Europe facilitated this “colonization.” The settlers—assured of non-public independence, fastened rents, and some evaluate of self-administration and functioning under the so-termed German Law—founded new villages and towns or reorganized outdated types. Cities gained formal charters (Wrocław in 1242, Poznań in 1253, Kraków in 1257) that supplied https://polawedee.tumblr.com/